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Riga 1:
Riga 1: − + + + + − + − [[Faber-Castell]] origins are traced back to 1761 when ''Kaspar Faber'' began a production of pencils in Stein, a village located close to Nuremberg. The activity was developed by his son ''Anton Wilhelm'', who created the ''A. W. Faber'' company, and then passed to his son. The real architects of the company success, however, was the grandson ''Lothar von Faber'', which took the direction of a declining company and with the invention of modern wooden pencil, remained unchanged to this day, built the success of the ''A. W. Faber'' brand. − − In the mid of 1800 [[Faber-Castell]] was already a large international company, directed by ''Lothar von Faber'' with the help of its brothers Johan and Eberhard Faber. Both Eberhard and Johan created their own companies, the first in New York, where he went to direct the U.S. subsidiary of the mother company, always producing pencils, the second in Nuremberg, where in 1878 he founded a personal company, which in 1885 became a family limited partnership, the ''Johan A. Faber A.G.''. − − Johan Faber started also a production of fountain pens around '20s; they were mainly [[safety]] hard rubber pens but a [[button filler]] was also produced; also some metal model were produced. The company logo consisted of two crossed hammers, and on the hard rubber models cap the name Johan Faber was imprinted, and also reported on the clip. In the late '20s a [[piston filler]] series was produced, with rounded ends and up to four band on the cap. − − The main branch of the company remained under ''Lothar Faber'' direction until his death, after that his wife took over the management and then, in 1898, the count ''Alexander zu Castell'', who had married his niece. He renamed the company using the name under which its is still known today, transforming it into the ''A. W. Faber-Castell''. The production, however, remained focused on pencils, and the first fountain pen, a hard rubber [[safety]] pen, is traced back to 1908. The pen was imprinted with the words ''A. W. Faber-Castell'' and given the similarity of its filling mechanism, is quite probable that it had been produced by [[Kaweco]] on commission. − − After the death of ''Alexander Castell'' in 1929 the company became a family limited partnership. His son Roland obtained between 1931 and 1932 the reunification between the ''A. W. Faber-Castell'' and the ''Johan Faber A. G.'', giving life to the actual [[Faber-Castell]]. In 1935 [[Faber-Castell]] began to buy shares of the [[Osmia|Osmia A. G.]], that at that time was between the major German fountain pen producers, taking control over the company in order to have a strong starting point in pens manufacturing. Riga 31:
Riga 25: − − Despite the acquisition of [[Osmia]], [[Faber-Castell]] also produced some model with just its brand, in 1936 was produced a model with the [[Faber-Castell]] name engraved on all parts of the pen, available in four colors, the pen was a [[piston filler]] with and finishes (band and clip) in 14k gold, and bore the logo of the company, a balance that represented trade integrity. − − [[Image:1937-07-FaberCastell-n36.jpg|thumb|A [[Faber-Castell]] advertising]] Riga 41:
Riga 31: − − Since 1949 [[Faber-Castell]] also began producing ballpoint pens, and in 1950 introduced a torpedo shaped model, called [[Gentleman]] in black or gray pearl and silver. The pen had revolutionary features like a butterfly shaped clip and a particular [[piston filler]] which contained part of the mechanism in the knob, allowing a greatest dimension of the tank; it was made with a transparent body covered by an opaque plastic cylinder with a regular series of etchings that at the same time had the role of facilitating the grip of the pen and allow viewing the ink level. Riga 52:
Riga 40: + + + Riga 81:
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Riga 80: − + + + − == External references ==+ − * [http://www.faber-castell.de/docs/index.asp?id=17143&domid=1010&sp=E&addlastid=&m1=10329&m2=17138&m3=17143] [[Faber-Castell]] history, from officiale site+ − * [http://www.fountainpennetwork.com/forum/index.php?s=c45f3e9adbdca24ea62226e4eabdbc10&showtopic=14741] A FPN article+
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[[Image:Logo-Osmia.svg|center|350px|Osmia Logo]]
[[Image:Logo-Osmia.svg|center|350px|Osmia Logo]]
[[Osmia]] was founded in 1919, while the activities of [[Faber-Castell]] went back to the eighteenth century. The [[Osmia]] was born as fountain pen producer, while [[Faber-Castell]] is still known mainly for its work as a producer of pencils, carried out continuously from its origins. Since 1935 the [[Osmia]] essentially became a division of [[Faber-Castell]], although the company survived for a long time, until the 1951.
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[[Osmia]] was founded in 1919, while the activities of [[Faber-Castell]] went back to the eighteenth century. The [[Osmia]] was born as fountain pen producer, while [[Faber-Castell]] is still known mainly for its work as a producer of pencils, carried out continuously from its origins. Since 1935 the [[Osmia]] essentially became a division of [[Faber-Castell]], although the company survived for a long time, until the 1951.
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[[Osmia]] had been one of the leading German fountain pens manufacturers, and because the prestige of the brand, due to the absolute quality of his pens, the name was maintained for a long time after the complete acquisition by [[Faber-Castell]]. It disappeared only in the early '60s, when the crisis derived from the success of the ballpoint pen pushed [[Faber-Castell]] to produce cheaper models. Fountain pen production ceased definitively in 1975 when [[Faber-Castell]], during a corporation restructuring, eliminated this area to focus on its other activities, restarting production recently, when the interest on fountain pens began to rise again.{{Infobox_Brand|Osmia}}
[[Osmia]] had been one of the leading German fountain pens manufacturers, and because the prestige of the brand, due to the absolute quality of his pens, the name was maintained for a long time after the complete acquisition by [[Faber-Castell]]. It disappeared only in the early '60s, when the crisis derived from the success of the ballpoint pen pushed [[Faber-Castell]] to produce cheaper models. Fountain pen production ceased definitively in 1975 when [[Faber-Castell]], during a corporation restructuring, eliminated this area to focus on its other activities, restarting production recently, when the interest on fountain pens began to rise again.{{Infobox_Brand|Osmia}}
==History==
==History==
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[[Osmia]] was founded in 1919 by ''Hermann Böhler'' under the name of ''Böhler und Cie'', in Dossenheim, near Heidelberg. Böhler, as many others of his colleagues who made a similar choice, left [[Kaweco]] to create a new company with his brother Georg, leveraging the expertise gained in this field inside [[Kaweco]] during the years in which that company acquired [[Morton]] to realize a production of gold nibs.
[[Osmia]] was founded in 1919 by ''Hermann Böhler'' under the name of ''Böhler und Cie'', in Dossenheim, near Heidelberg. Böhler, as many others of his colleagues who made a similar choice, left [[Kaweco]] to create a new company with his brother Georg, leveraging the expertise gained in this field inside [[Kaweco]] during the years in which that company acquired [[Morton]] to realize a production of gold nibs.
Since 1935 the company was gradually acquired by [[Faber-Castell]], even if the final sale of all ownership was made only in 1951. The fountain pens took the inscription ''A. W. Faber-Castell Dossenheim'' but nevertheless the continued to bear the [[Osmia]] brand and logo, which was well known and respected, until the '60s. In 1938 Hermann Böhler resigned from [[Osmia]] to found in Dossenheim another company with its name that produced pens and automatic pencils.
Since 1935 the company was gradually acquired by [[Faber-Castell]], even if the final sale of all ownership was made only in 1951. The fountain pens took the inscription ''A. W. Faber-Castell Dossenheim'' but nevertheless the continued to bear the [[Osmia]] brand and logo, which was well known and respected, until the '60s. In 1938 Hermann Böhler resigned from [[Osmia]] to found in Dossenheim another company with its name that produced pens and automatic pencils.
Most of the production of [[Faber-Castell]] fountain pens was however done with [[Osmia]] trademark. In 1935 were introduced several models with different filling systems. Using the [[piston filler]] were: the [[Supra Luxus]] in chiseled black celluloid, produced in the 42, 44 and 46 measures, the [[Supra]] in the black or blue or silver or gold colors, with a black cross-striped transparent section produced in the 72, 74, 76, and 78 measures, the [[Osmia Brilliant|Osmia]] similar to the [[Supra]] but only in black celluloid and in 62, 64, 66 measures, and the [[Osmia Brilliant|Osmia]], black, in 54, 55 and 56 measures.
Most of the production of [[Faber-Castell]] fountain pens was however done with [[Osmia]] trademark. In 1935 were introduced several models with different filling systems. Using the [[piston filler]] were: the [[Supra Luxus]] in chiseled black celluloid, produced in the 42, 44 and 46 measures, the [[Supra]] in the black or blue or silver or gold colors, with a black cross-striped transparent section produced in the 72, 74, 76, and 78 measures, the [[Osmia Brilliant|Osmia]] similar to the [[Supra]] but only in black celluloid and in 62, 64, 66 measures, and the [[Osmia Brilliant|Osmia]], black, in 54, 55 and 56 measures.
In the late '30s, because of World War II, like all other German manufacturers the company suffered major difficulties, but despite the production was reduced for the call to arms of most of the employees, it remained active. After the war, not having the facilities suffered significant damage, production was resumed at full speed from 1946, proposing the same models of before, but with only with a [[piston filler]] and with the explicit endorsement (in addition to the [[Osmia]] brand and logo) of ''A. W. Faber-Castell''.
In the late '30s, because of World War II, like all other German manufacturers the company suffered major difficulties, but despite the production was reduced for the call to arms of most of the employees, it remained active. After the war, not having the facilities suffered significant damage, production was resumed at full speed from 1946, proposing the same models of before, but with only with a [[piston filler]] and with the explicit endorsement (in addition to the [[Osmia]] brand and logo) of ''A. W. Faber-Castell''.
In the '50s [[Osmia]] introduced a series of new models like the [[Supra 880]], in three sizes (2, 3 and 4) in black, with a band on the cap and an ink level indicator, the [[Supra 666]] in four sizes (1, 2, 3 and 4), in black, gray and pearl and red and pearl colors, with rings ont the cap and gold and steel nibs, the [[Osmia 744]] in black plastic, designed to make carbon copies, and the [[Osmia 52]] for the student market.
In the '50s [[Osmia]] introduced a series of new models like the [[Supra 880]], in three sizes (2, 3 and 4) in black, with a band on the cap and an ink level indicator, the [[Supra 666]] in four sizes (1, 2, 3 and 4), in black, gray and pearl and red and pearl colors, with rings ont the cap and gold and steel nibs, the [[Osmia 744]] in black plastic, designed to make carbon copies, and the [[Osmia 52]] for the student market.
In the late '60s, as for most of the other fountain pens producers, having also completely erased a prestigious brand that enjoyed a wide popularity, sales had an irreversible decline, holding only partially for the students pens. In 1975, during a corporation restructuration, [[Faber-Castell]] completely eliminated the entire field of fountain pens production, resuming today, with the return of interest for this popular writing tool.
In the late '60s, as for most of the other fountain pens producers, having also completely erased a prestigious brand that enjoyed a wide popularity, sales had an irreversible decline, holding only partially for the students pens. In 1975, during a corporation restructuration, [[Faber-Castell]] completely eliminated the entire field of fountain pens production, resuming today, with the return of interest for this popular writing tool.
All'inizio degli anni '60 la [[Faber-Castell]] cessò di utilizzare il marchio [[Osmia]], passando ad una produzione marcata soltanto a suo nome, con modelli di scarso interesse e destinati principalmente al mercato scolastico, con una drastica riduzione delle vendite, accentuata ancor più dall'aver cancellato dal mercato un marchio prestigioso.
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== Notes ==
==Note==
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==Riferimenti esterni==
* [http://www.fountainpennetwork.com/forum/index.php?s=c45f3e9adbdca24ea62226e4eabdbc10&showtopic=14741] Un articolo di FPN sulla storia del fiduciario europeo di [[Parker]] nelle relazioni con [[Osmia]]
[[Category:Marche]]
[[Category:Brands]]
[[Category:Germania]]