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[[Stylomine]] is one of the oldest French producers, which is highlighted in the fountain pen history for the unique filling system (which, by the shape of the sac, is called [[accordion filler]]) which distinguished his pens, that after the expiry of the relevant patent was adopted by many other French producers.

[[Immagine:Stylomine-Logo.svg|center|400px|Stylomine Logo from '40s]]

Although the produced models were few, the production company was still of high quality, and very interesting in the French market, in which the company was one of the most significant actors. The company has distinguished itself by technological innovation, having patent an [[hooded nib]] before the [[Parker 51]] one, but like all historic French manufacturers could not withstand the impact of the advent of the ballpoint pen and disappeared from the market in the early 60s.{{Infobox_Brand|Stylomine}}== History ==

 

Although the produced models were few, the company production was always high quality, and very interesting in the French market, where the company was one of the most significant actors. The company distinguished itself by technological innovation, having patent an [[hooded nib]] before the [[Parker 51]] one, but like all historical French manufacturers could not withstand the impact of the advent of the ballpoint pen and disappeared from the market in the early 60s.{{Infobox_Brand|Stylomine}}{{BrandData|Founder=Yves E. Zuber|Place=Parigi|Country=FR|Date=1921|ProdDate=1925}}== History ==

[[Image:1942-Stylomine-303v-202.jpg|thumb|[[Stylomine]] advertising of 1943]]

[[Image:1942-Stylomine-303v-202.jpg|thumb|[[Stylomine]] advertising of 1943]]

An exact date for the founding of the company with the same name created by Yves E. Zuber it is not known<ref>therefore we will use the 1921, registration date for the trademarkmark, as foundation date.</ref> whose activities originate at the end of the first World War, with offices and factory in Paris on Rue Neuve des Boulet, 34-36 and in the Rue de Nice, 2 and later on Avenue Martin Moreau, 45 that was active on the market in the molding and assembly of metal parts, as bag hooks or clips and nibs for fountain pens.

An exact date for the founding of the company created by ''Yves E. Zuber'' is not known<ref>therefore we will use the 1921, registration date for the trademark, as foundation date.</ref> but its activities originates at the end of the first World War, with offices and factory in Paris on Rue Neuve des Boulet, 34-36 and in the Rue de Nice, 2 and later on Avenue Martin Moreau, 45. The company was initially active on the market in the molding and assembly of metal parts, as bag hooks or clips and nibs for fountain pens.

 

The [[Stylomine]] brand was officially registered in [[1921]] with n. 199226,<ref>date and number are reported in [[:File:1943-Stylomine-303v.jpg|this advertisement]].</ref>  and was used by ''Yves E. Zuber'' for his pencils. The fountain pen production began only in [[1925]] with some [[safety]] models in black or red/black marbled hard rubber. It was relevant also for the production of [[overlay]]s in both rolled gold or precious metals. But in this period the most characterizing product for the company production was the ''Autostyl'' mechanical pencil, in which the mine is automatically replaced after exhaustion. The production of mechanical pencils continued for all following years, with different names such as ''Stylomine Automatic'' and ''Stylomine 202''.

The [[Stylomine]] brand was officially registered in [[1921]] with n. 199226, and was used by ''Yves E. Zuber'' for his pencils. The fountain pen production began only in [[1925]] with some [[safety]] models in black or red marbled black hard rubber. It was relevant also for the production of [[overlay]]s in both rolled gold or precious metals. But in this period the product most characterizing the company's production is the mechanical pencil ''Autostyl'', in which the mine is automatically replaced after exhaustion. The production of mechanical pencils will continue for all following years, with different names such as ''Stylomine Automatic'' and ''Stylomine 202''.

But the fountain pen which made famous [[Stylomine]] is the [[Stylomine 303|303]] model, introduced in [[1930]] and equipped with a series of very peculiar technical solutions, as an advanced [[bulb filler]] system, very functional and with high-capacity thanks to a breather tube ingeniously connected to the feeder (patent {{Cite patent|FR|712327}}), which allowed the full loading of the pen with only four or five strokes.  

But the fountain pen which made famous [[Stylomine]] is the [[Stylomine 303|303]] model, introduced in [[1930]] and equipped with a series of very peculiar technical solutions, as a large-capacity and very functional [[bulb filler]] system, very functional and high-capacity thanks to a breather tube ingeniously connected to the feeder (patent {{Cite patent|FR|712327}}), which allowed the full loading of the pen with only four or five strokes.  

In [[1933]] was created a very special re-entrant nib mounted on a spring that was made by screwing the cap back by the pressure of an inner tip (see {{Cite patent|FR|737930}}). This system was used in the new [[Stylomine 303B|303B]] model, produced in three versions corresponding to three different sizes. The filling system was a refinement of the previous one of [[Stylomine 303|303]] and was also used for the [[Stylomine 303C|303C]] model, made in [[celluloid]] and without the re-entrant nib, for which, in addition to the three previous dimensions, was produced also a fourth size, large enough to call it [[Mastodonte]].  

In [[1933]] was created a very special re-entrant nib mounted on a spring that was made by screwing the cap back by the pressure of an inner tip (see {{Cite patent|FR|737930}}). This system, along with the re-entrant nib, was used in the new model [[Stylomine 303B|303B]], produced in three versions corresponding to three different sizes. The loading was a refinement of the previous system of [[Stylomine 303|303]] and was also used for the model [[Stylomine 303C|303C]], without re-entrant nib, which in addition to the three previous versions was made in [[celluloid]] and with a fourth size, large enough to call it [[Mastodonte]].  

But the most significant invention of the company, which is its distinguishing feature,  is the revolutionary [[accordion filler]], patented in 1938 ({{Cite patent|FR|854177}}). It's a peculiar variant of a breather tube filler allowing a very large ink capacity, in which the pumping was carried out thanks to an ink sac with accordion walls, and in which the bulb was replaced by a button consisting of a glass ampule inserted to slide in the rear end of the body, that you could press to make the pumping, and also use to see the remaining ink.  

Ma l'invenzione più significativa della produzione dell'azienda, che ne costituisce un po' la caratteristica distintiva, è il rivoluzionario sistema di [[caricamento a fisarmonica]], brevettato ({{Cite patent|FR|854177}}) nel 1938, Si tratta di una peculiare variante di [[caricamento a sfiatatoio]] che le consentiva una grandissima capacità di inchiostro, in cui il pompaggio veniva effettuato grazie ad un sacchetto per l'inchiostro con le pareti a fisarmonica, ed in cui il bulbo era sostituito da un pulsante sotto il fondello, costituito da una ampolla di vetro inserita a scorrere nell'estremità posteriore del corpo, che si poteva premere per effettuare il pompaggio, ed utilizzare anche per vedere l'inchiostro rimanente.  

it's also very relevant the development of the [[Stylomine 303D|303D]], an [[hooded nib]] model, perhaps the first ever produced. Its patent ({{Cite patent|FR|850525}}) is in fact from [[1938]] and anticipates by several months the corresponding ({{Cite patent|US|2223541}}) [[Parker]] patent for the [[Parker 51|51]], but the company still had patented an hooded nib since 1932 ({{Cite patent|FR|750689}}). So the company seems to have beaten [[Parker]] in terms of innovation. In this case, however, we don't known the exact dates for the market appearance of the model, which in some cases is reported as much later.<ref>As reported in [http://web.archive.org/web/20081111115149/ http://www.stylos-francais.fr/stylomine3.php this article] the introduction would be in 1947.</ref>

E' di particolare interesse poi lo sviluppo del modello [[Stylomine 303D|303D]], dotato di pennino carenato, forse il primo mai prodotto, il relativo brevetto ({{Cite patent|FR|850525}}) infatti è del [[1938]] ed anticipa di vari mesi il corrispondente brevetto ({{Cite patent|US|2223541}}) della [[Parker]] che l'azienda sembra aver di nuovo battuto sul tempo in termini di innovazione, ma l'azienda aveva comunque brevettato penne a pennino coperto fin dal 1932 ({{Cite patent|FR|750689}}). In questo caso comunque non sono note date esatte per la comparsa del modello sul mercato, che in alcuni casi viene riportata come molto più tarda.<ref>secondo quanto riportato in [http://web.archive.org/web/20081111115149/http://www.stylos-francais.fr/stylomine3.php questo articolo] l'introduzione sarebbe del 1947.</ref>  

Around [[1937]]<ref>this is what is reported in [http://web.archive.org/web/20081111115149/http://www.stylos-francais.fr/stylomine3.php this article].</ref> was launched also the model [[Stylomine 303V|303V]] (the date is still somewhat uncertain), with the new [[accordion filler]] system, a more streamlined shaped style respect to previuos models, and the use of a plastic material body (which arise the suspect of a later appearance).

Nel [[1937]] circa<ref>questo è quanto riportato in [http://web.archive.org/web/20081111115149/http://www.stylos-francais.fr/stylomine3.php questo articolo] ma l'uso di materie plastiche lascia la cosa incerta.</ref> venne lanciato il modello [[Stylomine 303V|303V]] (la data comunque è alquanto incerta), che adottava il [[caricamento a fisarmonica]] ed un nuovo stile svasato e l'uso di un corpo in materiale plastico (cosa che fa sospettare una apparizione più tarda).  

The postwar period saw the spread of the hooded nib [[Stylomine 303D|303D]] model, flanked by other models such as the [[Super 303]] with round tip nib. The [[accordion filler]] was maintained replacing the glass button with plastic material. In 1947 were introduced the  ''Stylomine 404'' mechanical pencil and in 1948 was introduced the ''Stylomine 707'' ballpoint pen.  

Nel dopoguerra la produzione vide la diffusione della  [[Stylomine 303D|303D]] a pennino coperto, affiancata da altri modelli come la [[Super 303]] con pennino a punta rotonda. Venne mantenuto il [[caricamento a fisarmonica]] sostituendo il pulsante in vetro con uno in materiale plastico. Nel 1947 vennero introdotte le matite meccaniche ''Stylomine 404'' e nel 1948 venne introdotta la penna a sfera ''Stylomine 707''.  

The company tried to respond to the crisis introduced by the advent of disposable spheres: the [[Stylomine 505|505]] [[lever filler]] model was introduced (now very rare), the company also joined to [[Météore]], [[Paillard]] and [[Unic]] to produce the [[Pulsapen]], and formed a consortium with [[Bayard]] and [[Unic]] to create the ''BUC'' cartridge. It also introduced a cartridge model recovering the historical [[Stylomine 303|303]] name. But as with most other historic French manufacturers, the efforts were useless and the company ceased operations in the 60s.

The company tried to respond to the crisis introduced by the advent of disposable spheres: the  [[lever filler]] [[Stylomine 505|505]] model was introduced (now very rare), the company also joined to [[Météore]], [[Paillard]] and [[Unic]] to produce the [[Pulsa Pen]] and formed a consortium with [[Bayard]] and [[Unic]] to create the ''BUC'' cartridge. It also introduced a cartridge model recovering the historical [[Stylomine 303|303]] name. But as with most other historic French manufacturers, the efforts were useless and the company ceased operations in the 60s.

{{BrandChrono|Stylomine}}

==External references==

==External references==

* http://web.archive.org/web/20091016020350/http://www.stylos-francais.fr/stylomine.php  

* [https://web.archive.org/web/20091016020350/http://www.stylos-francais.fr/stylomine.php] Page on an old site on French brands

* [https://web.archive.org/web/20140103104529/http://stylomine.penandco.com/accueil_us.html] Page on a dismissed site

* https://web.archive.org/web/20140103104529/http://stylomine.penandco.com/accueil_us.html

* [http://forumstylo.conceptbb.com/t54-stylomine-303] Page on close forum

* http://forumstylo.conceptbb.com/t54-stylomine-303

==Notes==

==Notes==

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