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The filling system called ''safety filler'' was born as an evolution of the [[eyedropper filler]] system. To simplify the filling operations without having to disassemble and store the section with the nib unit, and to avoid ink leakage as a result of differences in pressure and temperature, in this case the nib is mounted on a mechanism that allows you to retract it inside the body of the pen. From this feature comes also the name of ''retractable'' with which we often identify the pens that use this filling system.

<noinclude>{{ReferBox|Filling systems}}</noinclude>The filling system called ''safety filler'' was born as an evolution of the [[eyedropper filler]] system. To simplify the filling operations without having to disassemble and store the section with the nib unit, and to avoid ink leakage as a result of differences in pressure and temperature, in this case the nib is mounted on a mechanism that allows you to retract it inside the body of the pen. From this feature comes also the name of ''retractable'' with which we often identify the pens that use this filling system.

[[Image:SafetySchema.svg|center|500px|Diagram of a [[Safety]] pen]]

[[Image:SafetySchema.svg|center|500px|Diagram of a [[Safety]] pen]]

The ''safety filler'' was born in the United States in the last decade of 1800, although it is not possible to define precisely an inventor, it is attributed if not the invention at least the massive introduction on the market to [[Waterman]], which was the main U.S. manufacturer to adopt it on a large scale.<ref>But the company has done so using many patents of ''Francis C. Brown'', of [[Caw's]]</ref> However, it has had a much greater success in Europe, where at the beginning of the century practically all the producers (and in particular the German ones, among which the [[Kaweco]] stands out, who also made some developments) made use of this system, and where it has remained in production much longer.

The ''safety filler'' was born in the United States in the last decade of 1800, although it is not possible to define precisely an inventor, it is attributed if not the invention at least the massive introduction on the market to [[Waterman]], which was the main U.S. manufacturer to adopt it on a large scale.<ref>But the company has done so using many patents of ''Francis C. Brown'', of [[Caw's]]</ref> However, it has had a much greater success in Europe, where at the beginning of the century practically all the producers (and in particular the German ones, among which the [[Kaweco]] stands out, who also made some developments) made use of this system, and where it has remained in production much longer.

Although it is classified, perhaps unjustly, among the primitive loading systems, in reality the ''safety filler'' has resisted on the market much longer than other filling systems created in later periods. In particular, in Europe there are mass-produced models that use it until the 1920s. Because of its historical value, which sees it as substantially the first mechanical system dedicated to filling the pen, it continues to receive an undeniable interest from collectors, many of whom have a particular preference for [[safety]] pens.<noinclude>

Although it is classified, perhaps unjustly, among the primitive loading systems, in reality the ''safety filler'' has resisted on the market much longer than other filling systems created in later periods. In particular, in Europe there are mass-produced models that use it until the 20s and 30s. Because of its historical value, which sees it as substantially the first mechanical system dedicated to filling the pen, it continues to receive an undeniable interest from collectors, many of whom have a particular preference for [[safety]] pens.<noinclude>

== Notes ==

== Notes ==

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==Related Patents===

==Related Patents==

{{ListsPatentsFeature|safety filler}}

{{ListsPatentsFeature|safety filler}}

[[Category:Translated Pages]]

[[Category:Translated Pages]]

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