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{{DISPLAYTITLE:Météore - La Plume d'Or}}

{{DISPLAYTITLE:Météore - La Plume d'Or}}[[File:Meteore-Logo.svg|center|320px|Logo Météore]]

[[Immagine:Meteore-Logo.svg|center|320px|Logo Météore]]

La [[Météore]] è una delle principali marche storiche francesi, le sue origini si fanno risalire all'incirca al 1916 con la fondazione della  ''Manifacture Parisienne de P.P.R.'' ed è rimasta in attività fino alla fine degli anni '50 quando, è stato uno dei primi produttori storici francesi di stilografiche a soccombere alla rivoluzione della penna a sfera.

The [[Météore]] is one of the main historic French brands, its origins can be traced back to approximately 1916 with the founding of the ''Manifacture Parisienne de PPR''. It remained in business until the late 50s when was one of the first historic French fountain pens manufacturers to succumb to the ballpoint pen revolution.

First [[Météore]] pens are characterized by an overall good quality, certainly in par to the one of medium level American manufacturers, and its production it's distinguished in particular for the [[Pullman]] model, with reentrant body, that anticipates [[Pilot]] [[Capless]] by nearly thirty years. Subsequently, the quality has gone worse, while remaining in the middle of French production.

First [[Météore]] pens were characterized by an overall good quality, certainly in par to the medium level American manufacturers, and its production it's distinguished in particular for the [[Pullman]] model with reentrant body, that anticipates [[Pilot]] [[Capless]] by nearly thirty years. Subsequently, the quality had gone worse, while remaining about the same of the rest of French production.

== History ==

== History ==

[[Image:192x-Meteore-PlumeDor.jpg|thumb|A [[Météore]] advertisement from '20s.]]

[[Image:192x-Meteore-PlumeDor.jpg|thumb|A [[Météore]] advertisement from '20s.]]

The origins of [[Météore]] are uncertain, the company was founded in 1916 as ''Manifacture Parisienne de PPR'' (''Porte Plume Reservoir'') by ''Demilly'' and ''Degen'', then become ''[[La Plume d'Or]]'' in 1921. It is not known whether the company is descended from ''Franco-British Manufacturing Pen ' founded by Charcellay in Paris in 1910.  ''[[La Plume d'Or]]'' was still on the market after the end of World War I, producing two brands: [[Météore]] and [[L. Badois]], and also for third parties. The second brand is linked to the activity of ''Luis Badois'', holder of fountain pen patents both for his own then jointly with the '[[La Plume d'Or]]''.

The origins of [[Météore]] are uncertain, the company was founded in 1916 as ''Manifacture Parisienne de PPR'' (''Porte Plume Reservoir'') by ''L. Demilly'' (then general manager) and ''L. Degen'' (then managing director), based in Nanterre, then become ''[[La Plume d'Or]]'' in 1921. It is not known whether the company is descended from ''Franco-British Manufacturing Pen'' founded by Charcellay in Paris in 1910.  ''[[La Plume d'Or]]'' was still on the market after the end of World War I, producing two brands: [[Météore]] and [[L. Badois]], and also for third parties. The second brand is linked to the activity of ''Luis Badois'', holder of fountain pen patents both for his own then jointly with the '[[La Plume d'Or]]''.

The [[Météore]] first models were black or marbled  hard rubber [[eyedropper]] or [[safety]] pens, similar to those of other French manufacturers of the same era, to which they added later[[lever filler]] models. The first pen clearly associated with the brand was introduced in 1922, was characterized by incision of the [[Météore]] name on the cap, decorated also with a white ring at the top, and had the lever end in the form of a shamrock. The nibs were often marked with the initials (D and D) of the founders. In this period were produced [[safety]] or [[lever filler]] ebonite fountain pens in two dimensions for both men and women. Model names of this period are Zodiac and Prompto.  

The [[Météore]] first models were black or marbled  hard rubber [[eyedropper]] or [[safety]] pens, similar to those of other French manufacturers of the same era, to which they added later[[lever filler]] models. The first pen clearly associated with the brand was introduced in 1922, was characterized by incision of the [[Météore]] name on the cap, decorated also with a white ring at the top, and had the lever end in the form of a shamrock. The nibs were often marked with the initials (''D & D'') of the founders. In this period were produced [[safety]] or [[lever filler]] ebonite fountain pens in two dimensions for both men and women. Model names of this period are [[Zodiac]] and [[Prompto]].  

The company switched to [[celluloid]] quite late, a second set of models was launched in 1932, keeping the [[lever filler]] but with a [[washer clip]] and two rings on lower edge of the hood, over the classical one at the top. The pens were black or marbled, but were also produced models in [[BCHR|chased hard rubber]] with [[overlay]] in lacquered metal, gold, silver.

The company switched to [[celluloid]] quite late, a second set of models was launched in 1932, keeping the [[lever filler]] but with a [[washer clip]] and two rings on lower edge of the hood, over the classical one at the top. The pens were black or marbled, but were also produced models in [[BCHR|chased hard rubber]] with [[overlay]] in lacquered metal, gold, silver.

[[Image:1932-09-Meteore-Pullman.jpg|thumb|left|upright|80px|A 1932 [[Météore]] advertising.]]

[[Image:1932-09-Meteore-Pullman.jpg|thumb|left|upright|80px|A 1932 [[Météore]] advertising.]]

In 1932 was produced the most interesting [[Météore]] model, the [[Pullman|Pullman 35]], a [[button filler]] pen built with a peculiar mechanism, in which the body could be made ​​to slide, by pressing the bottom, inside of the cap. This was equipped with a movable top hinge, which opened thus letting out the tip of the pen and nib. The same concept, even if made ​​with a different mechanism, was adopted three years later by [[Aurora]] with the [[Asterope]], and both pens are regarded as the precursors of the [[Pilot]] [[Capless]].

In 1932 was produced the most interesting [[Météore]] model, the [[Pullman|Pullman 35]], a [[button filler]] pen built with a peculiar mechanism, in which the body could be made ​​to slide, by pressing the bottom, inside of the cap.<ref>the same pen was produced, in other countries, even with different brands such as [[Uneman]], however referring to the same patent ({{Cite patent|DE|531249}}) of Leopold Kutter.</ref> This was equipped with a movable top hinge, which opened thus letting out the tip of the pen and nib. The same concept, even if made ​​with a different mechanism, was adopted three years later by [[Aurora]] with the [[Asterope]], and both pens are regarded as the precursors of the [[Pilot]] [[Capless]].

Aside from the novelty represented by the [[Pullman]] model the [[Météore]] continued to produce ordinary pens, and generally was quite conservative, maintaining for long the [[flat top]] style. Only in 1941 slightly [[Streamlined|tapered]] lines were adopted but, with the war going on, restrictions led to the use of steel nibs rather than gold. The models of this era were called [[Prior]], [[Selection]], [[Record]] and [[Pullman]]. In 1942,<ref>the date is indicative and is reported in [http://web.archive.org/web/20071012135105/http://stylos-francais.fr/meteore.php] but it is highly doubtful given that appears in advertising dating presumably the previous year (the dates of the advertisements come from ads and deductions related to the texts cited in the back and are not themselves completely reliable).</ref> because of the shortage of gold supply nibs were produced in steel, using a metal alloy called ''[[Vaedium]]''.

Aside from the novelty represented by the [[Pullman]] model the [[Météore]] continued to produce ordinary pens, and generally was quite conservative, maintaining for long the [[flat top]] style. Only in 1941 slightly [[streamlined|tapered]] lines were adopted but, with the war going on, restrictions led to the use of steel nibs rather than gold. The models of this era were called [[Prior]], [[Selection]], [[Record]] and [[Pullman]]. In 1942,<ref>the date is indicative and is reported in this [http://web.archive.org/web/20071012135105/http://stylos-francais.fr/meteore.php old page] but it is highly doubtful given that appears in advertising dating presumably the previous year (the dates of the advertisements come from ads and deductions related to the texts cited in the back and are not themselves completely reliable).</ref> because of the shortage of gold supply nibs were produced in steel, using a metal alloy called ''[[Vaedium]]''.

[[Image:1940-12-Meteore-Models.jpg|thumb|Pubblicità che cita i nuovi modelli]]

[[Image:1940-12-Meteore-Models.jpg|thumb|Advertising for new models]]

Nel dopoguerra le linee vennero ulteriormente modificate, e rese ancora più affusolate con il modello [[Météore 807]], venne modificato il fermaglio che assunse una linea più sottile. Intorno agli 1950 vennero introdotti anche

After the war the pens shapes were further modified, and made ​​even more streamlined with the [[Météore 807]] model, also the clip was modified, taking a thinner line. Around 1950 were also introduced other [[Météore 3xx|models]], identified by three-digit numbers beginning with the 3. Then the [[Météore 8xx|800]] [[lever filler]] series was introduced, with the [[Météore 8xx|Météore 827]] having an ink level display, and then nibs marked ''Stabilior'' began to appear.  

altri [[Météore 3xx|modelli]], identificati da numeri a tre cifre inizianti con il 3. Venne poi introdotta la serie [[Météore 8xx|800]] con [[caricamento a levetta]], come la [[Météore 8xx|Météore 827]] con visualizzazione del livello di inchiostro, ed iniziarono a comparire i pennini marcati ''Stabilior''.  

Nel 1951 l'azienda adottò, come gli altri produttori francesi, il [[caricamento a fisarmonica]] della [[Stylomine]], con il modello [[Pulseur]], disponibile in vari colori. Questo sistema venne anche utilizzato per le penne della serie [[Météore 9xx|900]] con pennini marcati ''Stabilior''. In questo periodo i modelli di punta sono quelli della serie [[Météore 500|500]], con tre vere sul cappuccio e il marchio inciso sul pennino. Come tutte le altre aziende la [[Météore]] subì pesantemente gli effetti del successo della penna a sfera; partecipò alla produzione della [[Pulsapen]], ma non riuscì a reggere la crisi e fu uno dei primi grandi produttori francesi a fallire verso la fine degli anni '50.

In 1951 the company adopted, like other French producers, the [[accordion filler]] of [[Stylomine]], with the model [[Pulseur]], available in various colors. This system was also used for the pens of the [[Météore 9xx|900]] series with nibs marked ''Stabilior''. During this period, the top models were those of the [[Météore 500|500]] series, with three rings on the cap and the engraved logo on the nib. Like all other companies [[Météore]] suffered heavily from the effects of the ballpoint pen success, It participated in the production of [[Pulsapen]], but was unable to withstand the crisis and was one of the first big French producers to fail in the late 50s.

{{CronoMarca|Météore}}

{{BrandChrono|Météore}}

==Riferimenti esterni==

==External references==

* http://web.archive.org/web/20071012135105/http://stylos-francais.fr/meteore.php

* [http://web.archive.org/web/20071012135105/http://stylos-francais.fr/meteore.php] Brand page on a decommissioned website.

* http://www.fountainpennetwork.com/forum/index.php?showtopic=97624

* [http://www.fountainpennetwork.com/forum/index.php?showtopic=97624] A discussion with some brand history

* https://web.archive.org/web/20140103121747/http://meteore.penandco.com/accueil_us.html

* [https://web.archive.org/web/20140103121747/http://meteore.penandco.com/accueil_us.html] Brand page on a decommissioned website.

==Note==

==Notes==

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